Menstrual health warning signs women should not ignore

A woman's menstrual cycle often reflects the quality of her mental and physical health. Many menstruation-related physical problems that are often ignored as trivial have the potential to become serious issues if not given the required care. This is true especially at a time when the modern lifestyle and diet often adversely affect hormonal balance in women. What are the symptoms to take seriously? What lifestyle changes are required to handle menstruation effectively? Dr Anisha James, DMAS consultant gynaecologist at SH Medical Centre, Kottayam, explains.

Do not ignore these symptoms
Do not hesitate to consult a gynaecologist if you notice the following symptoms.
a)Irregular periods – Irregular periods may be a symptom of conditions like PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) or a hormone imbalance.
b)Excessive bleeding – Longer or heavier periods and excessive blood clots may lead to anaemia and weakness.
c)Extremely painful period – Although mild cramps are common during periods, excessive pain and cramps that affect your regular life may be a symptom of endometriosis.
d)Bleeding after menopause – Do not ignore bleeding after menopause. Although benign issues can also cause it, it is important to rule out growths and cancers by prompt evaluation.

Change in lifestyle
Bringing these changes in lifestyle is as important as medication in treating many issues related to menstruation:
a) Prioritising nutrition – Fibre-rich food, fruits and vegetables should be strictly added to your daily diet. Avoiding junk food and sugar will help balance hormones.
b) Ensuring exercise – Exercising for at least 30 minutes a day will keep you fit, prevent weight gain and reduce stress.
c) Timely medical tests – Women above 30 should take the pap smear test and breast exams at regular intervals to prevent the risk of certain diseases.

Mental health
Women should prioritise their mental health as much as their physical health, both during their menstruation and menopause years. Do not hesitate to talk to your family members about your mood swings and anxiety during PMS (pre-menstrual syndrome) or even seek professional help. A healthy society could be formed only if women are healthy and fit. Seeking proper medical treatment as soon as you notice certain symptoms is key to preventing diseases and improving the chances of recovery.

Frequently Asked Questions
1. How to reduce bloating during menstruation?
The Mayo Clinic recommends eating smaller, more frequent meals to handle bloating during menstruation. Also, limiting salty foods can reduce fluid retention and bloating. Avoid alcohol and caffeine as well.

2. Are medicines prescribed for PMS symptoms?
Yes, but their success can vary among women, according to experts. Some of the commonly prescribed medicines are antidepressants, diuretics, hormonal contraceptives and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

3. What causes pain during a period?
Increased activity of a hormone named prostaglandin, which the uterus produces, causes pain during periods.
4. What are the best foods to eat during your period?
Include foods rich in fibre, iron and antioxidants in your diet during your period. According to Dr Cristina McClure of the Cleveland Clinic, they will keep energy levels high, decrease inflammation and reabsorb estrogen.

5. What foods to avoid during period?
Stay away from caffeine and alcohol, sugary and salty foods, and simple carbs during your period to reduce discomfort.