Modern-day motherhood physically and mentally challenging: Doctor explains 'second shift' impacts

Motherhood is often hailed as the most beautiful phase in a woman’s life, when she nurtures her child with love, care, and affection. However, the physical and mental challenges faced by mothers in the modern era are hardly discussed. Scientific studies note that juggling a busy career while handling domestic duties often adversely affects the hormonal balance and mental health of women. Dr Jinan Muhammad, a specialist in obstetrics and gynaecology at ASTER MIMS, Kannur, explains. 

The second shift
Women, after a hectic day of work in the office, come home to household chores and take care of the children. Sociologists call this the ‘second shift’. Global data show that women spend three times as much time on unpaid domestic chores as men. Working nonstop, without sufficient rest, will ruin women’s physical health and mental well-being. 

Hormonal imbalance
Severe and prolonged stress is not just a mental health issue; it is a sign of imbalance in the internal functioning of the body. High cortisol levels or the presence of stress hormones in the blood will completely topple the hormonal balance.  These are some of the main health issues mothers face:

a) Hormonal imbalance leads to irregular periods
b) PCOS and thyroid issues 
c) New lifestyle diseases, while worsening the already existing conditions
d) Metabolic problems
e) Excessive exhaustion, loss of sleep and obesity are some of the symptoms

Mental load
Mental load is a state in which a woman has to plan household chores while managing a busy workday. This invisible responsibility leads to severe mental exhaustion in women. Societal pressure and lack of support from family cause anxiety and depression in mothers. 

Social responsibility
A mother’s health and well-being should be a social responsibility rather than being brushed aside as a personal matter. When a mother falls ill, it affects the entire family's lifestyle and habits. Here are a few ways to ensure mothers are healthy and maintain good mental health. 

Equal participation 
There should be equal participation by the partners in caring for children and other domestic responsibilities. 
Positive work atmosphere 
Flexible working hours and proper maternity leave should be provided for women in the workplace.
Self care
Families should create an atmosphere where women can make time for self-care and look after their health.