Lyme disease, a bacterial infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected black-legged ticks aka deer ticks, has been reported in Kerala again. A farmer with no known comorbidities from Ernakulam has reportedly been diagnosed wth the disease. It is caused by 'Borrelia Burgdorferi' bacteria and is found in grassy or wooded areas. The disease is named after a city in the USA where it was reported first.
Causes
When an infected tick attaches to a human and feeds on their blood, the bacterium can be transmitted to the human host. Not all black-legged ticks carry the bacteria, and transmission of Lyme disease is most likely to occur if the tick has been attached for at least 36 to 48 hours. Experts say that prompt removal of ticks can greatly reduce the risk of infection.
Symptoms
Symptoms of Lyme disease can vary widely but commonly include fever, headache, fatigue, and a characteristic skin rash called erythema migrans, which looks like a bullseye. If left untreated, Lyme disease can spread to joints, the heart, and the nervous system, leading to more serious symptoms and complications.
Treatment
Treatment typically involves antibiotics, especially when caught early. Prevention measures include avoiding tick habitats, wearing protective clothing, using insect repellents, and promptly removing ticks if they are found attached to the skin.
Precautions
If you live in or travel to areas infected with ticks, you should use insect repellents like the oil of lemon eucalyptus, wherever the skin is exposed and also clothed. As far as possible, wear long-sleeved dresses, long pants, socks and gloves to cover your skin. It will be better to keep away from potential tick habitats and also check for ticks if you have spent some considerable time outdoors. Take a good shower after outdoor activities and also wash your clothes well. Familiarising with the symptoms is also extremely essential to be cautious.
