What are the warning signs of non-alcoholic fatty liver?

Fatty liver, a condition where excess fat builds up in the liver, is often associated with alcohol addiction. Meanwhile, non-alcoholic fatty liver is a disease that affects people who drink little to no alcohol. This disease, which progresses silently, begins to show symptoms only when the condition worsens.

Obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic imbalance are often associated with fatty liver disease. Around 25 – 30 per cent of the world population suffers from non-alcoholic fatty liver. Meanwhile, India reportedly has up to 30 – 40 per cent of non-alcoholic fatty liver cases. The following are some of the early signs of non – alcoholic fatty liver.

1) Extreme exhaustion
Tiredness and low energy level despite taking sufficient rest could be a symptom of fatty liver. The body cannot process nutrients and expel toxins when the liver doesn’t function properly, leading to tiredness.
2) Belly fat
Belly fat in individuals who are not obese may indicate fatty liver disease. This symptom will be accompanied by insulin resistance. Body weight and belly fat should be reduced through a strict diet and regular workouts to lower the risk of fatty liver disease.

3) Darkening of skin
Acanthosis nigricans which is characterised by patches of dark and thickened skin, commonly found on body folds such as neck and armpits is one of the symptoms of non – alcoholic fatty liver.
4) High triglyceride rate
High triglycerides, a standard indicator of fatty liver disease and poor metabolic function, can be detected through a simple blood test. Monitoring triglyceride and cholesterol levels regularly can help prevent diseases like fatty liver from worsening.

5) Unexplained weight gain
Unexplained weight gain or stubborn body weight that does not get reduced despite following a diet or workout may be a symptom of fatty liver. Weight loss becomes a Herculean task when the liver loses its ability to break down fats and control hormones.
6) Liver enzyme level
Detecting high ALT and AST levels in lab tests could indicate fatty liver disease. Consult a healthcare provider as soon as you notice high liver enzyme levels. Aerobic exercises and strength training will help reduce the risk of fatty liver. Brisk walking for at least 15 – 240 minutes a week, jogging, cycling and swimming are some of the best aerobic exercises.

Strength training with weights and resistance bands, performed up to three times a week, can aid in muscle development and fat loss. Meanwhile, a balanced diet consisting of vegetables, whole grains, lean protein and healthy fat will keep your liver healthy. Additionally, it is advisable to limit your intake of sugar, refined carbohydrates, and alcohol. Shedding body weight up to 7 – 10 per cent will significantly reduce the risk of fatty liver.