Thiruvananthapuram: The Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB) has informed the state government that establishing nuclear power plants will be crucial for Kerala to generate 10,000 megawatts of electricity within the next five years.

In a report submitted two months ago, the Board suggested that Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), known for their enhanced safety features, could be set up in the state. The final decision, however, rests with the government.

The government had sought KSEB’s opinion following a consultancy firm’s recommendation and its expressed willingness to cooperate in setting up nuclear power plants in Kerala. Although the KSEB had initiated discussions on this front last year, it pulled back after the issue triggered widespread controversy. Still, Electricity Minister K Krishnankutty has maintained that nuclear power is essential for the state’s future energy security.

To address concerns, ease protests, and build public awareness, the minister has sought the support of labour unions and KSEB employees’ associations. However, the Chief Minister and others believe it may be best to avoid further discussion for now, especially with the upcoming assembly elections.

In its report, the KSEB emphasised that the state cannot rely solely on hydropower and renewable sources to meet its increasing energy needs. Coal-based power plants, on the other hand, are expected to shut down in the near future due to environmental concerns. Nuclear power plants, therefore, are seen as a necessary step forward for Kerala.

Thorium reactor proposal in focus
The Electricity Minister has already informed the Centre of Kerala’s willingness to cooperate in setting up a thorium-based nuclear power plant. The Kerala coast is rich in monazite deposits, which contain thorium.

However, thorium cannot be used directly as a fuel. It must first be converted into uranium-233 through several nuclear processes before it can be utilised. While research on this conversion is underway globally, the technology is not yet fully developed. For now, the only feasible option is to establish a plant powered by uranium-235, with the possibility of switching to thorium once the technology becomes commercially viable.