'Unhealthy' AQI after dark in Kochi: How to reduce health risks?

Gone are the days when we thought AQI worries only concerned Delhiites. As Kerala experiences peak winter in many places, the air quality index in Kochi is revolving around the 'Unhealthy' range of 151 to 200, especially at night. This is the range that can pose health threats to children, older adults and those with breathing or heart issues. However, what can be done to stay healthy, given that air quality worsens after dark? Dr Sunny P Orathel, pulmonologist and Medical Superintendent of the Rajagiri Hospital, Kochi, explains. 

Tips to stay healthy
1. Immunisation is an option that can give 90% protection. There are two options
a) The annual influenza vaccine
b) The once-in-a-lifetime Pneumococcal vaccine. However, if you are a senior citizen, you can consider taking it once every ten years as well. 

2. Use your air-conditioner and fan after cleaning them to avoid dust circulation. Also, sleeping with your windows open would be beneficial.
3. Do not add to the heavy air by burning incense or liquid vaporiser mosquito repellants or coils at home. If concerned about mosquito bites, fix mesh on your windows and other openings for protection. 
4. Have fruits rich in vitamin C, chukku kappi, lime and cardamom teas to improve immunity. 

Reasons for poor AQI in Kochi
Winter mist, mixed with smoke and dust, forms smog, raising the city's AQI during this season. Kochi also has an industrial belt in the Eloor and Manjummel areas that emits chemical pollutants into the air. Moreover, unlike in other places that experience misty, cold conditions throughout the day during the winter season, Kerala winter days are almost normal, except in the early mornings and evenings. Therefore, activities like construction, traffic, and more continue, unlike in other places, where they are minimal in winter. This is how the pollutants get trapped in the city fog, driving up the AQI at night.