Kochi: The Kerala High Court has ruled that physiotherapists and occupational therapists cannot use the prefix “Dr” unless they hold a recognised medical degree.

The interim order by Justice V G Arun came in response to a petition filed by the Indian Association of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (IAPMR). The association argued that physiotherapists and occupational therapists should not present themselves as first-line healthcare providers and should instead remain in a supporting role within the healthcare system.

The court has also sought responses from the Union Health Ministry, the National Commission for Allied and Healthcare Professions (NCAHP), the State Allied and Healthcare Council, and the National Medical Commission (NMC) on the plea.

In its observation, the court referred to a September 9, 2025, notification by the Union Health Ministry, which directed the removal of the “Dr” prefix for physiotherapists in the Competency Based Curriculum for Physiotherapy – Approved Syllabus, 2025. The ministry stated that using the title “Doctor” without a recognised medical qualification would violate the Indian Medical Degrees Act, 1916. However, this notification was withdrawn the following day through another order issued on September 10.

“Therefore, the competent authorities are directed to ensure that the prefix ‘Dr’ mentioned in the Competency Based Curriculum for Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy – Approved Syllabus, 2025, is not used by physiotherapists or occupational therapists without recognised medical qualifications,” the court said.

The matter will be taken up for further hearing on December 1.