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The Tokyo silver medalist managed a total of 199kg in the 49kg category.
Avinash Sable will be in action in the men's 3000m steeplechase final.
A world champion and a twice Commonwealth Games winner, Mirabai is India's most successful lifter but injuries have disrupted her progress in recent years.
In in her final attempt Chanu fell flat on her back and had to be lifted off the stage.
India will take on Pakistan in men's team squash while boxer Lovlina Borgohain will also be in action.
An Olympic silver medallist, a world champion and a three-time Commonwealth Games gold medallist, Chanu is confident of rewriting the nation's weightlifting history at Hangzhou 2022.
Chanu, who is currently training in the USA, said athletes in the northeastern state have been affected by the conflict.
She recalls her days of picking up bamboo in forests before her coach saw her saw desire to train and gave her first weights to practice with.
The former world champion ended with a total lift of 201kg (88kg+113kg), which is far from her personal best.
The Indian women's hockey team will take on Wales.